Headaches

Headache types and how to manage

Headaches come in many forms, and understanding the type you’re experiencing is key to finding the right treatment. Three of the most common headache types are migraines, tension-type headaches, and cervicogenic headaches.

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Migraines

Migraines can occur with or without aura. Auras are warning signs that appear before or during a migraine and can include visual disturbances (flashing lights, blind spots), sensory changes (tingling, numbness), or difficulty speaking or word finding.

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Managing migraines involves a combination of hands-on care and lifestyle adjustments. Spinal manipulation and manual therapy may help reduce frequency and severity, while lifestyle factors like diet, stress, and sleep patterns play a crucial role. Certain foods such as citrus fruits, wine, beans, and chocolate can trigger migraines in some individuals. Early use of a headache diary helps identify and avoid potential triggers.

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Supplementation with magnesium and vitamin B2 (riboflavin) among others, has shown benefits for some migraine sufferers. In more persistent cases, co-management with a GP may be helpful. Patients may be offered medications like triptans for acute attacks or preventative medications like amitriptyline when necessary. We also emphasise the importance of avoiding medication overuse headaches, which can develop from frequent use of pain relief medications.

Tension-Type Headaches

Tension-type headaches often come with co-existing neck pain, postural strain, and mental stress. Muscles like the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) can refer pain to the head, contributing to symptoms.

Our approach may include soft tissue therapies to reduce muscle pain and referral, postural advice, and stress management techniques. We also provide home exercises to support long-term relief and prevent recurrence.

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Cervicogenic Headaches

Cervicogenic headaches originate from dysfunction in the neck (cervical spine) and often presents with restricted neck movement and pain that radiates to the head. Treatment may involve spinal manipulation, manual therapy, and specific rehabilitation exercises to improve neck function.

A thorough assessment is crucial to determine the type of headache and to rule out any serious underlying conditions or causes.